Criminal Justice and Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminal Justice and Policing - look for Exampleyou are a police police officer from another state) or the police departments off-duty powers of arrest policy, you may be permitted by law to conduct an arrest or not. As an officer of the law you will be obligated to follow the due process of the law.However before you film the actions specified above, you will need to first talk to your friend, telling him your concern and finding out whether he was privy to the cocaine snorting by his other friends. You should make it clear to him the consequences of cocaine possession and spend with regards to the law. In reality, though, you will probably find cause to disassociate him from culpability.The issue raised here is a incorrupt problem because it involves a difference of belief. Coleman (2004) says that the issue of police take for granteding small exhibits has long been a source of contention the fear being that it could influence an officers judgment while dispensing his/her du ties. The moral question here is whether gratuities affect an officers decision making or not. There is no policy or law that governs this issue and professional discretion has been used to determine which gifts an officer could accept and which ones he/she should not accept. It is this professional discretion that Kania (2004) refers to as a slippery slope. Kania (2004) further states that though the harvest-festival basket for your family, Christmas card, and $30 gift certificate could be innocent with no expectations attached to them nevertheless they would growth bias to the officer. The rationale behind my action here would be that any officer who receives a gift would be inclined to spend more time on the merchants premises thereby providing the merchant a few extra minutes of private security. This would cause an imbalance in furnish of services to the community which does not appeal to the professionalism required from a police officer. Moreover, in a absolute world, whi ch is what we are striving for, there would

Gloria Jean's Coffees Australia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gloria Jeans Coffees Australia - appointment ExampleGloria Jean is being an innovation driven organization has managed to develop numerous coffee recipes all over the years. However, their expertise in coffee has not prevented them from adding tea and chocolate drinks into the menu to better serve customers by offering a variety. Apart from beverages, Gloria Jeans has also developed merchandise like the G 79 espresso machine. The latest in its production lines are Cake, which in two new flavours choc raspberry white, and choc mouse. The familiarity also has new blends of tea like pomegranate, Super berry, and tropical green. This has enhanced the ability to come up with new beverage blends that have endeared the franchise to millions of people. Moreover, it has enabled the order to remain a leader in this extremely competitive industry.Having sprouted in Sidney in the late 20th century, Gloria Jeans has been so roaring in its journey to explore new markets. The ac follow achie ved a global outlook in the year 2009 when it managed to acquire Gloria Jeans franchise in the U.S. currently serving in 39 markets the seeking to make the brand a oecumenic success is still ongoing as shown in the companys vision and mission. Its vision to be the most loved and respected coffee company worldwide speaks volumes of the direction the company has taken (Saleh & Irvine). Its ultimate goal is achieving a global status which entails having outlets in all(prenominal) country in the world. Its plan to shift to a business model that is franchise only move rolled this February when it shut down 14 outlets in Australia. This model was adapted last December when the company was sold to Global Yellow Pages a Singaporean company (Cole, 2013). This move to fully franchise enabled the company to have the necessary financial influence to expand into China and other Asian markets where the huge cosmos provides a potentially huge customer

Internet Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Internet Governance - Essay ExampleThey vex the expert expertise and have expanded as the situation changed. Control in too many turn over is bound to lead to operational problems. A slight flaw could be disastrous to global communications, employment and commerce. The opponents, on the other hand want to curtail freedom through their repressive regimes. The developing countries have benefited immensely out of the profit and derive more benefit if control remains in the detainment of the US. Arguments support that US is well-equipped and control of the internet should continue to remain in its hands.Internet became available to the humans in 1994 and it took almost ten years for people of different nations to wake up wanting to sign on involved in the issues pertaining to regulations and brass. Internet today is an essential infra-structure for global communications, including trade and commerce. Internet governance as defined by the WGIG, is the development and application b y Governments, the private sector and civil society, in their various(prenominal) roles, of shared principles, norms, rules, decision-making procedures, and programs that shape the evolution and use of the Internet. This definition emphasizes that governance goes beyond the domain names system, which is handled by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The support at this stage for governance of the internet is very vital. Earlier, internet was declared beyond the realm of the government for various reasons. So far, internet governance has been in the hands of US through ICANN but for the past few years voices have been increase against their control. While some support the US dominated structure, other nations seek international governance and whole step that developing nations should have a significant role to play in this. This paper will high spot reasons why governance of the internet should remain with the US.Eric Krapf, editor of Business Communi cations Review expresses, countries

Sociological Views on Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sociological Views on Poverty - Essay sheathIt would then be followed by a critical examination of the arguments taken by authors and commentators and would end in a conclusion that shall emphasize the role of the global interrelation and effort to resolve the problems of distress.Poverty as stated by Ruby Payne in her book, Framework for Understanding Poverty, is the condition in which the person does non have abounding resources. She further clarifies that there are different types of resources with which poverty could be identified with. start and the close to popular concerns financial resources which refers to m one(a)tary value that shall enable the unmarried to purchase services and goods. The others complicate emotional, mental, spiritual, physical, support systems such as friends and family networks, role models and knowledge of habits. However, financial resources have been the most popular since it was the most obvious, regardless of this the other resources are al so important and relevant if one would like to counteract poverty as a on the whole. (2005, pages4-8)Since usually poverty is seen as a lack of financial resources, it has been customary for great deal to respond to poverty through financial support. This is primarily done through donations and grants. It is also in run along with this view that mint thinks that people are poor because they do not work hard enough in able to sustain their basic needs. People who looked like rubbish or are not presentable are often seen as poor. (Payne, 2005, page 4-9)Another author, Farley, believes that poverty is something that is rooted on sociological relationship such as the economic production, the political system, the institution that is present in the society, the predominant socialisation prevalent in the society. Thus, poverty in this view is not a problem in the individual level but in a societal level which could only be remedied through sociological programs and changes. To furthe r clarify his view, he provided an introduction to two relevant perspectives that shall formulate his belief. (2000, 173) The Functionalist perspective is a view, wherein the whole society is likened to a living organism wherein each cells are relevant and relatively connected to one and another. As the name of the theory implies, it insist that each plowshare of the society is present due to a certain function that it must perform. (Kitano, 198540).In line with this perspective, poverty is viewed as a necessary part of society. Poverty has a function in the society in which it could be found. Looking closer, poor people resembles certain characters that set them aside from the rest of the society. The differences in values and in culture have make the poor different from other members of the society. Now this attitude would be inherited by their children thus explain the expansion of poverty. Most commonly the poor people think as if they could not change their disembodied spiri t and life style since they were born that way. (Eitzen and Baca-Zinn, 1994 page 173-175)However, this kind of approach to poverty is too limited and very(prenominal) illogical. Poverty might indeed be natural but this does not mean that it should be left in its own. Time before

Child Soldier Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Child soldier - Research Paper ExampleThey end up being victims of trauma due to exposure to forcefulness they atomic number 18 deprived of education are at risk of ending up as pip-squeak soldiers (Ozerdem & Podde, 13). There is a high probability that children who live in conflict areas get deprived of underlying needs such(prenominal) as food, shelter and medical attention. To add on to this, the issue of relief for children tends to be given the last priority when in fight. This results in insufficient or zero protection for minors. repayable to their strong-arm constitution and growth, children are most vulnerable to being deprived of basic needs such as food and medical assistance and this has a severe impact on how they develop. Since 1998, armed conflicts that lease child soldiers have been recorded in at least 36 countries (Child soldiers global report 2004). The traumatic scars that are left on these children are just one out of many post war problems that face such countries. There are other problems such as food shortages, refugees and mourning for relatives scattered in the war. Former Child Soldiers are in most cases forgotten about and if remembered it will be for the purposes of blaming them for the war. Children who come from families that are poor and disadvantaged and who may be seeking for a sense of belonging, physical support or revenge for losing their families are particularly vulnerable to exploitation in periods of conflict. In several(prenominal) cases, children are kidnapped and forcefully trained to become fighters. Estimates indicate that in the last 15 course of instructions the noblemans Resistance Army (LRA) alone has kidnapped over 15,000 children from areas around Gulu, northern Uganda (Wessells 35). The targeting of children is deliberate as they are easily manipulated compared to adults and can be made to perform atrocities and crimes without asking questions. The accessibility of light weaponry is in like manner a contributor to child soldiering as it makes it possible for even the very young children to handling and bear arms. Efforts made by the United Nations in naming and shaming governments and rebel groups that do not take over by the international and domestic laws that uphold childrens rectify have had very limited military unit in combating this vice. The annual report by the Secretary General lists dozens of groups and several governments that continue to enforce or recruit children in their armed forces. Africa has the largest number of child soldiers despite the signing of the African demand on the Rights and Welfare of the Child in 1999 which is the only regional treaty that outlaws child involvement in armed conflicts in the world (Child soldiers global report 2004). In 2010, the United Nations together with other rights organizations launched the nothing under 18 Campaign which is aimed at attaining universal ratification of the child rights protocol by the year 2012. The ultimate goal is to ending impunity for those who violate children rights and strengthen enforcement of laws against such violations. Graca Machel (UN 1996) states that war is a violation of the right of a child to life and the right to have a family that nurtures and respects the child. Process Analysis The of import sources of material used in this research were anecdotal reports and academia journals. These reports gave valuable insight and information on the issue of child soldiers. Relevant literature on the topic was obtained

Other Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Other - Assignment ExampleWhile get the television, the seller pass on have spent on something else thereby boosting the local economy. Therefore, in the perspective of the beholder of these events, the ill behavior of the mans son or breach of the television set has randy the economy however, according to Bastiat, the entire understanding exposes a fallacy. Looking at the concept brewed in this case, breaking of the television reduces the mans disposable income that he may not be able to bribe for instance, a new shirt or commit to other luxuries. Nonetheless, the breakage of the television is assistive to others for example, the seller or the person repairing the television. It should be noted that despite the breakage of the television set being helpful to others it robs industries and reduces the spending on other goods and or services. Replacing an item that was already bought is regarded as the maintenance represent as opposed to buying new items or items that the owner has never had (Rockwell and Ludwig Von Mises Institute, 2008). ... in Making pecuniary Decisions The most significant means in stopping point making including fiscal decision-making are the application sensible and systematic decision-making processes. Application of application discursive and systematic processes helps in time value analysis since they take into account systematic and planned analysis. Therefore, it is vital that health care organizations to deploy organizational approach that incorporates application logical and systematic processes in making vital financial decision (Skousen, 2009). Applying this concept will ensure that they never miss profound factors in their decision-making. Six steps and practices can help the health care organizations to confine their challenges in financial decision-making. Creating a formative environment for financial decision making A constructive environment for decision-making incorporates the establishment of objective of suc h decision making process. In other words, it is vital that the counselling of such health care organization to define the parameters the health organization could achieve with their desired financial decision. Additionally, the management must thereafter agree on a working process to be deployed and this will call for the incorporation of the significant stakeholders in such decision-makings. Generating applicable and relevant alternatives This process shall provide the decision makers with more options to choose from towards comprehensive financial decisions. Generation of alternatives allows the management or the decision makers to have numerous ways of solving financial challenges. Therefore, unreasonable alternatives will only worsen the problem. Finally, generating alternatives will help organizations of ideas. geographic expedition of the alternatives This process ensures that only

The inpact of immigration on the construction industry Essay

The inpact of immigration on the turn industry - Essay ExampleImmigration will lead to increased creation in a country and this leads to an increase in the demand for social amenities and this indirectly affects the manifestation industry. This paper discusses the exercises of immigration figure outers in the UK who work with the construction industry, the construction industry in the united Kingdom has all over 250 thousand firms and the industry employs over 2 cardinal people, the paper analysis the effect of immigrant workers with reference to health, skills, communication and infrastructure.The construction industry in the UK is termed as the biggest industry because it employs over 2 million people, it is also termed as the most risky job because in the past 25 year over 2,500 people energize died from accidents in construction work, further there has been reports of many illnesses and injuries caused in the work process. The construction industry has a large number of injuries and illnesses compared to other industries. This is because in the industry the workforce is exposed to more physical activities.The immigrant workers in the UK are mostly from Bulgaria and Romania, these immigrants work in the most dangerous tasks and for this reason they direct for more injuries and deaths in the construction industry. The immigrants however have been considered to be beneficial to the economy in that they have reduced the tax burden of the natives.Immigrants have differing cultural and social background and this shapes their attitude and their expectations in the work place. The high levels of injuries and deaths of the immigrants in the workplace can be attributed to the following factorsThe immigrants have little or no training regarding safety and health in the workplace, for this reason therefore there is an increased occurrence of injuries and deaths in the construction industry which employs most of these immigrants.The immigrant workers who wor k in the

Art and Protest in Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Art and Protest in Writing - adjudicate ExampleFrom this paper it is clear that to a new writer, attitude would be a critical dowery especially when sharing what has been written with other writers. Wiggins argues that every successful writer needs to posses some stratum of arrogance. For example, Alvarez is a renowned novelist. In her novel Something to Declare, the author includes a readers comment claiming that after finishing one book by the author, the reader would automatically be led to buy another(prenominal) of the authors books. This has been used as an intentional strategy by most writers to gain trustingness from the readers and thus make it easy to manipulate their minds in line with their purpose of the writing.This study highlights that Cambridge Educational service introduces an important aspect in writing referred to as wordsmithing. This involves categorizing alphabetic symbols so as to convey a particular meaning. Writing involves use of symbols that could be e asily predicted and symbolism plays an important role of communication in writing as writing in itself could have desirable or undesirable consequences. Probably, Alvarez avoiding to attack the States directly for racism could be an example of symbolism in use. The author chose to use the America dish antenna pageant instead thus reduces chances of undesirable consequences. Most people would write about others but their flora would not last. But for writers like Alvarez, their works become constantly new in the readers mind.

American Revolution. Events in American Revolution Essay

American transmutation. Events in American Revolution - Essay ExampleBorn in every era they phase the history of the country. American Revolution was guided by many such people who led the variation from the front and made it successful. However the events that trigger the gyration ar merely momentous and act as a trigger. Reasons for revolution get accumulated over a period of time. The societal unrest reaches its peak. any(prenominal) event that occurs after that triggers the change that has been so desired. The causes that led to American Revolution were many. As we look acantha we see them as many dots which could be connected now to make the event logical. Social body structure of American society at the time of Revolution - American society at the time of Revolution was divided into multiple classes at the time of revolution. While some of these classes participated in the revolution, there were also others who were dissociated from the revolution by virtue of their soci al status. There was nobility from Eng vote down members of who were self-made land owners in America. They were resourceful and wealthy. Tradesmen, merchants and land owners looked at freedom of first step for expansion and growth. This was growing centerfield class and was an active participant in revolution. The lower strata comprised workmen, indentured prisoners and Indians. This lower stratum did not really care about revolution as they were unable to relate with the new-made found freedom and were not expecting the change in government to operate about change in their lives. World over rise of leadership for revolutions and rebellions has always been through middle class. American Revolution was no exception. Leaders from this class were enlightened by thoughts of leaders of French and European revolutions. They yearned to bring about same changes in American society as well. Rule of British sevens - Parliament of Britain thought of America as a colony, one amongst many they ruled. Naturally they wanted to land their rules and regulations over America. Although Britain had emerged victorious in French and Indian War, her economy suffered badly. Wanting to recover a debt-ridden economy, Britain demanded more(prenominal) revenue from colonies. Even if French were defeated, the colonies did not trust Britain for their protection. Series of make a motions - From 1763 to 1769 Britain passed series of legislation imposing new taxes on America as a colony with the primary motive of generating more revenue. Some pregnant acts passed were as follows Sugar Act (1764) increasing duties on sugar imported from West Indies Currency Act (1764) banning American assemblies from issuing paper bills or bills of credit Quartering Act (1765) colonists to feed and domiciliate British soldiers. Stamp Act (1765) direct tax imposed on marriage licenses, playing cards, newspapers and so forth the revenue generated from this tax was meant for colonies to pay for the ir defence. Townshend Acts (1767) - colonial officials were given independence to impose their own taxes apart from the ones that are already imposed by British parliament. This independence further incurred taxes on glass, tea, paper etc. These taxes created sorrowfulness and furore in American society and were viewed as unjust and uncalled for. These acts severely restricted freedom of enterprise shrunk the size of profits or revenue earned and along with that came additional burden of feeding and housing British army. This resentment kept boiling for more than seven years and finally erupted into a revolution. mint in America viewed themselves as citizens of New World and they strongly demanded that they should have legislative authority to influence what is best for them. According to them these acts were merely for additional revenue generation without consideration of people on whom these acts were imposed.

People resourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

People resourcing - Essay ExampleThese changes offer organizations opportunities and challenges for success in equal measure. These conditions intellect the change the nature of human resource cookery. Success in the current dynamic market requires companies to rectify performance. Improvement includes reducing addresss, improving quality, innovativeness, creativity, and speed aimed at productivity. These duties rest on people who train up the organization because they make both long-term and short term organizational solutions. Human resources encompass closely important resources in any organization that operates with the aim of achieving success (Wernerfelt 1984, 19). A volatile business milieu means that the management of business organizations must comprehend that primary means of gaining competitory advantage deplete changed. The business world has seen various companies collapse in the economic recession that is slowly being managed. Companies pull ahead by the reces sion range from world leading insurance, manufacturing, and processing companies. National governments across the world had to spare close to the companies to save them from imminent collapse. The environment saw other companies close their operations in some parts of the world to minimise expenditure. The economic downturn did not spare national economies with Greeces economically crumbling. The European Union is struggling to help the country resuscitate its economy. Italy is also struggling. Human resource planning must be used to develop new strategies that will help the company remain competitive in the market. Human resource planning helps the company to consider issues that enable gaining of competitive advantage. The management of companies should roll in the hay that usual sources of success are still reliable but human resource planning enhances sustainability of success. chronic mechanisms that lead to success include economies of scale, production technology that cove rs both process and product, and protected markets. The input by success factors offers competitive advantage. Human resources appear at the top of the ladder in the management power structure of organizations. This illustrates their importance in the running of business companies. Human resources management conducts job analysis processes before recruiting subject employees with appropriate skills for specific jobs. It also enhances commitment of employees and makes sure that the company retains the best by taking care of their welfare (Lado 1994, 31). When the human resource department does this, it motivates employees because it takes care of the needs of the workforce. A business organization enjoys a competitive advantage by creating value for its clients. The organization must focus on product and improvement differentiation. It is important that the company give services and products that are unique. To do this, human resources must single step to the fore different marke ts and treat them as individuals. The concentration should be on particular market segments or groups and make sure that the products and services they receive are effective and more efficient than those provided by competitors are in the same market (Wright 2007, 56). In the process of achieving competitive advantage, human resources take a three-pronged approach including cost leadership,

Perfect Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Perfect Competition - Essay ExamplePerfect CompetitionThe sit of consummate competition is based upon four assumptions. Firstly the flyings ar price takers. There are so many besotteds in the market that and single firm does non produce enough of the whole to be able to influence the market price. Therefore, they are considered as price takers where the price has already been determined at the market forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers of entry or exit for the firms. There are no stopping firms who wish to enter or leave the market. The existing firms have no subroutine in this process. in all firms are producing homogenous products. This promoter that the products of all firms are identical and as a result there arsehole be no marketing in terms of names of brands. All the producers and consumers have perfect information regarding the prices of the products. Very a few(prenominal) firms or industries come close to this model in the real world. We may see su ch conditions temporarily in the agricultural industry but, these do not exist in the long give-up the ghost. In perfect competition as stated in the assumptions higher up it is assumed that there are many sharp firms and that they cannot do anything to influence the market price. Therefore, they are considered as price takers where the price has already been determined at the market forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers of entry or exit for the firms. There are no stopping firms who wish to enter or leave the market. The existing firms have no role in this process. All firms are producing homogenous products. This means that the products of all firms are identical and as a result there can be no marketing in terms of names of brands. All the producers and consumers have perfect information regarding the prices of the products. (Sloman,2006) Very few firms or industries come close to this model in the real world. We may see such conditions temporarily in the agricult ural industry but, these do not exist in the long run. In perfect competition as stated in the assumptions above it is assumed that there are many abject firms and that they cannot do anything to influence the market price. The firms contribution to the industry and market is so small that even if it changes its output it get out have no effect on the market price of the product. Thus, the firm can produce any quantity hoping to sell all of it at market price. Considering this it is derived that the demand turn out is perfectly elastic and thereby, marginal tax revenue crystalliseed for each additional output sold is homogeneous throughout. Therefore, the marginal revenue is equal to average revenue (Bamford et al 2002.). Thus, considering that the individual firms do not come to the market price the only real decision which they have to make is the level of output to be produced. This decision can be taken by taking into account the costs of production. Considering the basic documentary of the firm is to maximize profits it will produce at the point where marginal costs equals marginal revenue (MC=MR). (Bamford et al. 2002) The first thing which needs to be understood is the difference between the short run and the long run. During the short run the number of firms in the industry is fixed. This means that no new firms will be entering the market in the short run. The existing firms will have the chance to earn abnormal profits in the short run. However, in the long run there will be other firms entering the market. Firms will enter the market if there will be signs of abnormal profits. On the other hand, if there are losses some firms may also leave the industry. (Sloman,2006) The total revenue to be earned by the firm will be equal to the price multiplied by the quantity sold. If the total cost of producing this specified number of units is lesser than the total revenue then it can be said that the firm is making abnormal profits. This will actually be an incentive for the firm to keep producing at the current rate. However, if total revenue equals total coast (TR=TC), then the firm is just making it to the breakeven point. It is this point where the firm is earning normal profits. On the other hand, it is plausibility that the total cost is greater than the total revenue. If the costs are greater, the firm may exit the industry altogether. This may not be the case at all times. If the total revenue is greater than

CULTURES WITHOUT A COUNTRY - STATELESS NATION Term Paper

CULTURES WITHOUT A COUNTRY - STATELESS NATION - Term Paper ExampleThe culture in the country has not gone unnoticed. However, they have been associated similar outcomes in other decentralized countries the like Germany, United States and Australia. The association is treated under the foreign policy or international relations of the regional government that is known as the wider rubric of paradiplomacy.The domestic and international structures play an essential role in conditioning the consequences of nationalism for regions that operate internationally. Regional autonomy, national foreign policy agenda and constitutional frameworks argon crucial elements of the domestic context. The key elements of international environment shaping are determined by the doings of the foreign state in connection to policy-making and economic continental regimes.Basque country is geographically locate at the western end of the Pyrenees and it covers territories in both France and Spain. The most polluted area of Basque country is in Spain, which is known to be a compound state that incorporates various degrees of internal ethno territorial plurality.The modern political unification of Spain took place through the means of a dynastic summation under the catholic Kings in the year 1469. (Friend) However, its constituent territories maintained their autonomous existence. The incorporation of territories to the Hispanic monarchy was achieved in the unruly stage s of European Mordent Age. This was centuries before national homogenization process was carried out in the European monarchies.Prior to the union of the catholic Kings, the Castilian prices had the unification of Leon and Castile in bringing through royal marriages and conquest. It also incorporated the Basque provinces of Alava, Biscay and Guipuzcoa. These three provinces took effective care of their local rights, fueros and traditions. During the XIX century, many Spanish dominions

The lack of uniformity for liability on multimodal transports Dissertation

The need of harmony for liability on multimodal bears - Dissertation ExampleAs Nes (2002) points out, during last centuries, unimodal reassign conventions such(prenominal) as an urban network, a regional network, or a national network of transport were the master(prenominal) modes of transport for goods and services. As the volume transport increased, the global traders were forced to develop improved alternatives to overcome the existed difficulties. Multimodal transport convention has been designed as an alternative to the unimodal transport system and it refers to the transfer of goods under a single contract but involves in at least two different methods of transport (Roemer). Multimodal transport contains a chain of process and steps such as multiple storage and handling stages which pray a thorough control (Gocheva). Lack of uniformity in multimodal transports As Devia (2008) points out the main fuss associated with the carriage of goods is that there is no international regime in force regarding various modes of transport. It produces m some(prenominal) confusions and barriers for the inactive operation of the stages of transport. As a result of this lack of uniformity in regulation, it is forced to apply the aim of the police force to a specific transport process when different modes of transport are deployed (Haak, 2005). It also creates slightly difficulties for the international transport of goods. According to Sturley (2007), there may arise some problems in the transport of goods between countries located at different continent if the goods in transit are damaged. He says the reason that the law regarding carriage of goods may vary from region to region and from continent to continent due to the absence of a common law in force (Sturley). In such cases, it is very difficult to identify the places or stages where the damages occurred so that the liability of the attack aircraft carrier varies in relation to the court where he is sued. The Multimodal Transport agent (MTO) is the carrier of the contract and the responsibility of cargo or goods reaches his shoulders as soon as he meshs the obstinance of goods and bears this risk until the goods are being delivered (Ralph, 3). Although the MTO bears the whole risk of the goods in transport, he does not directly take part in the process of actual transfer of goods. On the other hand, he usually subcontracts the authorized parts of the same to the network of subcontractees on a commission basis. According to the uniform liability rules, the MTO is nonresistant for the goods of the shipper so that he has to pay fee to the shipper if the goods in transit are damaged at any stage of the transport (United Nations,.20). Sometimes, the shippers goods may get damaged due to the negligence of the sub carrier who does not have any direct liability towards the shipper since he has not entered into any contract with the shipper. At the same time, the sub carrier has jointly for med a contract with MTO and he has to pay compensation to the MTO if the contracted goods are damaged while their possession lies with the sub carrier (unimodal law). Due to the lack of uniformity of uniform liability rules and unimodal laws, an MTO would not recover the whole compensation amount from the sub carriers and it would put across MTO to huge losses. Although network liability system and modified liability system have developed to gain the difficulties associated with transport of goods, it cannot bring uniformity in applicable liability regimes for multimodal transport. Rotterdam Rules Rotterdam rules or United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International

Active Listening Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Active Listening - Essay pillow slipFirst, I asked for her suggestion about a convenient meeting place. We jointly chose the conference room because it was a neutral and comfortable meeting place. I arranged the chairs in the conversational angle of 45 degrees. I in any case made drinking water accessible to her in case she needed. Then, I assured her of her confidentiality and the last-ditch goal of comprehend and never judging her. I then switched off my phone and requested her to do the same to limit interruptions. In addition, I made sure that no one interrupted our posing in the conference room.She began narrating her experiences with alcohol. Mainly, she explained how it affected her work, relationships, and family time. I maintained an eye contact with the client, nodded and sometimes encouraged her to gurgle through further probing. Mrs. Hirst cried at some level demonstrating her inner pain about the issue. I responded advantageously by allowing her to shade tears aft er which we proceeded with the conversation. After the narration, she asked for my assistance. Instead, I guided her to make a legal solution to her problem by asking about her feelings and what she considers useful (Hoppe, 2011). She promised to stop drinking but needed some guidance. I recommended a rehabilitation plan for her. At the end, I reassured her and promised her the confidentiality. I also appreciated her bold decision to address the problem.In conclusion, the session was emotional. However, I applied active listening skills to demonstrate maturity and help the client. I also set up a convenient environment and encouraged the client to speak without interruptions. I believe it was the best session

Fieldwork Research Paper - Buddhism Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fieldwork - Buddhism - Research Paper ExampleThis fieldwork project was carried out during twain trips to the Center on April 27th, and May 1st. This enquiry worker had sent a preliminary e-mail query on April 23rd describing summarily the fieldwork to be performed. genus Lama Chuck replied personally and said that he would be knowing to oblige and intellection that it would be beneficial for me to attend the evening classes on the 27th, which included 6pm, Meditation command 7pm, Group Meditation Practice and 745pm, Becoming Enlightened. The latter class included an induction to the foundations of Buddhism as comfortably as comparing and contrasting it with other religions. This seemed advantageous as the purpose of this research was to grow a deeper understanding of Buddhism and its ability to translate its teachings to other cultures as well as other religions. This researcher was intrigued by the fact that on its website this center describes itself as, a (non-sectarian) C enter dedicated to the cultivation of wisdom and compassion. (The freeze Center 2011) Which seems odd since one might think that Buddhism is a religion and therefore sectarian, or is it a philosophy and therefore non-sectarian? A further question arose as to one of the central practices of Buddhism, as well as other Eastern religions/philosophies, the practice of meditation. What is it? Is it a spiritual experience or simply a stress reduction method as hatfuled by the western eye? Again is it sectarian or non-sectarian? These are the core questions that this research will attempt to unravel. Research Literature During this researchers filed trip to the Rime center, Lama Chuck recommended several books which are presented here as well as much of my own research of different articles and items that added to the overall appreciation of this Buddhist center. They are presented first to give the reader an overall view of Buddhism and some insight into the conversations and interviews that took place during the filed news report. It is generally considered that there are two traditional lines of Buddhist thought Theravada and Madhyamaka. Theravada is the more conservative and traditional Buddhist approach. This Pali word literally means the teaching of the elders and it is the oldest of the Buddhist practices. Theravadin Buddhists study the early scriptures in Pali, honor the life of renunciation, and follow mindfulness meditation teachings. (Fisher 2005 142) In this tradition the Buddha is for sure an historical figure that now no longer exists but has left his teachings or the Dharma as a guide for his followers.. Madhyamaka (also known as Mahayan) regards the Buddha as a universal principle. Literally translated as The Middle Way, Madhyamaka represents in a sense the line among conservative and liberal of the traditions and in life itself. It is the dividing line between polar opposites. Metaphysically, Buddha is said to be an immanent presence in the unive rse with three aspects, or bodies first, the novice wisdom of a Buddha, which is formless second, the body of bliss, celestial aspect of Buddhahood that communicates the dharma to bodhisattvas and the third body of transformation, by which the Buddha

Sonnet poem analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sonnet meter analysis - Research Paper Examplethe family and she thinks it could be a painful relationship mayhap pointing to the fact that the poet has been in a relationship early also.The poet is unsure more or less her relationship because relationships stand become completely unpredict up to(p) and things can go abysmally wrong, for youngsters it is all about moving on, some can successfully do that while some others practically struggle to move on, this is exactly why the poet looks confused about her relationship in the poem. The poem is beautifully constructed and writing a sonnet is arguably the most difficult task but the poet has managed to accomplish it and the poem conveys a really deep meaning.The poem is all about parenthood and how modern day parents have completely become insensitive to the wants and the needs of the children, children are pouring ink into water and the mother does non seem to care and they keep doing the same for quite some time, this has al so resulted in the death of the weight in the tank but the parents still somehow manage to ignore all this.The poet also says that the educate is on leave and the mother is crying because she is peeling the onions but in reality she should also be crying because she is completely ignorant and she pays no attention to her children.The poet also says that the mother is lovely and father is late, (Scenes from the Playroom) perhaps suggesting to the fact that the father returns home very late from work and is go away with no energy to guggle to his kids and his wife and the mother who stays at home has no time to spend with her children and the children are left alone to do as they like. The complete isolation of children by their parents has been beautifully portrayed in the poem.To purpose it is fair to say that both the poems talk about something really sensible, the first poem talks about relationships and how fragile they are these days and the second poem talks about parents not being able to pay any attention to their children.The poet

Medical Tourism in Goa Essay Example for Free

medical checkup Tourism in Goa Essay health check Tourism in Goa Tina D greeta TYBBA MES college of Arts, Commerce Management studies Medical Tourism The seven wonders of the mankind argon al champion alike well known. However one screwt help but marvel at other developments, that run through developed magnifipennyly e veryw present(predicate) the years. These unsung heroes argon the ones that carry Indias legacy forward. India in a evolution coun adjudicate, but we do non wish to limit ourselves to the meaning of the word that entails developing.If one takes a tactile sensation at the Medical facilities offered here in India, they would be amazed at the state of the art facilities and quality of renovation one receives, that complies to international standards. Particularly if you are an NRI, tourist or remoteer, you can be sure of receiving unprecedented attention. The common man too can now desex under ones peel solutions of world- secernate healthcare with v ery afford adapted price tags.Health care and touristry seems quite an funny couple, but with the growing needs in the health-care industry coupled with the idea of a holiday after, is supine and people are looking towards India both for allopathic and ayurvedic treatments. The idea of medical tourism never cover the Goan mind until the seting up of the Apollo Victor infirmary at Margao which is the first super specialty, multi-specialty, tertiary care hospital in the state. With the advent of this hospital, Goa suddenly woke up to this new innovation, which caters to people coming in either for plan treatments or for unplanned treatments.Medical tourism is a recent phenomenon in Goa. Many world class medical hospitals like Apollo and Vivus turn over been started in Goa, which provide world class facilities at a divide of the corresponding cost abroad. Foreigners from many developed countries prefer to come to Goa for a variety of treatment ranging from alveolar consonant operating theater, hearing problems, knee replacements to even heart performance. This is a market where Goa has potential for further development and the organization should take steps to see that this market can be sustained and increased medical tourism can be promoted in the future.Indias smallest state, Goa, has earned a negative reputation for its drug culture, spirt parties, and nude beaches. However, the Ministry of Tourismis trying to reverse this image through its active promotion of medical tourism. The Ministry is devising laudable efforts to showcase the states potential, especially in offeringmedical vacationsfortourists who continue to queueaffordablehealthcareinsurancea rarity back in their appraiseivecountries.Considering the thousands oftouristswho mussiness to Goa annually for its beautiful scenery and its rich architectural heritage, themedicaltourism industryhere is project to record impressive growth. Tourism is Goas primary industry. It handles 13% of all foreign tourist arrivals in India. Goa has deuce main tourist seasons winter and summer. In the winter cartridge clip, tourists from abroad (mainly Europe) come to Goa to enjoy the splendid climate. In the summertime (which, in Goa, is the rainy season), tourists from across India come to spend the holidays.Tourism is largely focused on the coastal ranges of Goa, with decreased tourist activity inland. Goas tourism contributes to 16% of Indias add foreign exchange earnings. In 2009-10 there were more than 2. 5 million tourists reported to stick out visited Goa, both domestic and foreign and total revenue earned for the fiscal year 2009-10 from tourism is Rs. 5000 crore as against Rs. 4000 crore in the previous year. A major upcoming concept attracting a lot of tourists to Goa is the rise of Medical Tourism in Goa.Dentists in Goa consume that tourists save over 70% on their dental treatment if done here in Goa. and then they are now offering holiday packages which includ e expensive dental treatments too. The Booming Medical Tourism. The concept of medical tourism is non a new one. The first recorded instance of medial tourism dates back thousands of years to when Greek pilgrims traveled from all over the Mediterranean to the small territory in the Saronic Gulf called Epidauria. This territory was the sanctuary of the healing god Asklepios.Epidauria became the original travel destination for medical tourism. spa towns may be considered an early form of medical tourism. Factors that have led to the recent increase in popularity of medical travel include the noble cost of health care or wait times for procedures in industrialized nations, the ease and affordability of international travel, and improvements in technology and standards of care in many countries of the world. Medical tourists can come from anywhere in the world, including Europe, the UK, West Asia, Asia, US and Canada.This is because of their large populations, comparatively high wea lth, the high expense of health care or lack of health care options locally, and increasingly high expectations of their populations with respect to health care. Health tourism provides have developed as intermediaries to unite potential medical tourists with provider hospitals and other organizations. It has been started that medical tourism is promoted much more heavily in the United Kingdom than in the United States. A large draw to medical travel is convenience and speed.Countries that operate public health-care systems are often so taxed that it can take considerable time to get non urgent medical care. The time spent waiting for a procedure such as a hip replacement can be a year or more in Britain and Canada however, in Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cuba, Colombia, Philippines or India, a diligent could feasible have an operation the day after their arrival. Additionally, patients are finding that insurance either does not cover orthopedic surgery (such as knee/hip replace ment) or imposes unreasonable restriction on the choice of the facility, surgeon, or prosthetics to be used.Medical tourism for knee/hip replacements has emerged as one of the more widely accepted procedures because of the lower cost and minimal difficulties associated with the traveling to/from the surgery. Medical tourists may seek immanent health care operate such as cancer treatment and brain and transplant surgery as well as complementary or elective services such as esthetic treatments (cosmetic surgery). Ayurveda Treatment Ayurveda which is form of medical treatment originated from India has gained a lot of prominence in European world for health benefits.Ayurveda means life and Veda signifies knowledge. Therefore by its definition Ayurveda lifts itself beyond the realms of diseases and treatments. It treats life as a single composite phenomenon. After Kerala now Goa is one of Indias best destination for combining Tourism with Ayurveda Treatment. A GoanMedicalVacation India is known worldwide for the quality of cardiac procedures and joint replacement surgeries. Tourists from all over the world come down to Goa to take in the sights as well as to benefit from Medical amenities available.Goa is uniquely positioned to develop its health tourism sector. AffordableHealthCareInsurance isa Problem for Goan Locals. Whiletouristsrave about themedicaltourismfacilitiesthat Goa offers, Goan locals are feeling the pinch imputable to the escalatingpricesofmedicaltreatments. There is now a clamor for an improvedhealth caresystem in the state. The average Joe on the street can afford neither the exorbitant rates of the specialtyhospitalsnor sanctionedhealth care insurance.Adding to this dilemma is the lack ofavailable clinicalservicesin remote areas positivist the highpricesofmedicationforseniorcitizens Medical tourism has come to be a new counterbalance of tourism so formed in recent times. The following are both(prenominal) reasons why one visits Goa for Medic al tourism 1. Variety and abundance of available medical skills Goa is very well prepared to service foreigners when it comes to health care. Most Goan doctors speak perfect English, a majority of them are also schooled or practised abroad.While India in general has an universal healthcare system ( meaning that near drugs or procedures are unembellished for the local population) there is also a healthy competition amid governmental and privately run hospitals and healthcare institutions for servicing the more wealthy locals with lifestyle procedures (like cosmetic surgery) or visiting foreign tourists (who want to save a dime or two compared to their home countries). If you look around in the tourist belt , you can find plenty of private healthcare providers.Especially the north-western coastal parting (Candolim, Calangute and Baga) one can find dental clinics spread all a bulky the coastal belt. In this mentioned area alone I can easily count 30-40 dentists, while larger hosp itals mainly just have outlets here, with their main operations to be found in the larger cities like Mapusa, Panaji or even Margao in the south. Major hospitals to consider are for instance the Vrundavan infirmary in Mapusa, Manipal Hospital in Dona Paula, Vintage Hospital in Panaji, Apollo Victor Hospital (very new and a bit more expensive) and NUSI Hospital in/ tight-fitting Margao. Some of the medical services ffered here are General Medicine and Cardiology, Orthopedic Surgery, Pediatrics, Trauma and circumstantial care, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Endoscopic and Laproscopic Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncosurgery, Neuro surgery, Cosmetic Surgery, ENT, Urology, Nephrology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Dental, Medical Genetics and Counseling, Respiratory Medicine, Physiotherapy, Dietetics, Alternative and Ayurvedic Medicine. Vaccinations too, can be had in almost every hospital. 2. Quality of Surgery, medical personnel and other amenities This one is a bit hard to des cribe and has to be seen to be believed.Hospitals here in Goa for sure dont look very special from the outside. Once inside, and you are in a complete different world. The hygiene in every hospital is generally good. Sometimes you really have to wonder, how they can maintain a hospital so clean in an area that looks like a rubbish dump from the outside. find to India Here especially, looks can be deceiving. Operational devices, x-ray machines, dental equipment and other instruments are of high standard, although not quite on par with Singapore or European ,machines (except the dentists maybe).But you can expect newfangled facilities and up to date staff and nurses in spotless uniforms. So for general healthcare services and meek surgeries I wouldnt be afraid to go under the knife here, as most schematic procedures didnt change much over the last couple of years. 3. Short Queues or waiting measure Generally, most dentists and hospitals in Goa have very short waiting times, comp letely different to healthcare providers in Europe or other developed countries, where you sometimes have to make appointments weeks in advance. As a foreigner you can enjoy a very individual and prompt reception.Dentists usually testament come appointments only 2-3 days away, convenient enough to get a procedure done during a 2-week holiday. The kindred applies for consultations without appointments with specialists. As a paying customer you usually dont have to wait long in crowded waiting areas. The few times we had to visit a doctor it was all surrounded by 10-15 minutes of waiting times. You also dont have the feeling that the doctors are very pushy and want to have you out within 5 minutes of their time. A checkup is done very thorough and in an individual manner.The stuff is generally friendly and genuinely interested in your well-being. 4. embarrassed Costs of Generic and Branded Medicine Most medicines can be bought here without prescriptions either business in your l ocal pharmacy or ordered by them if not in stock. Goa is dotted with thousands of pharmacies at every corner. Again the tourist areas from Candolim to Baga have the highest density of pharmacies, while I found Mapusa further to the north-east the best stocked. The best thing prices for medicines are fixed So you dont have to gossip like with everything else in India.Prices are printed on the boxes of medicines and thats exactly what you pay Another specialty some branded items are sold here already as generic wines, even though in most other countries you still can only buy the branded (more expensive) product. nonpareil example, a modern tacrolimus-based skin ointment is anywhere else in Asia only available as the branded version (Protopic) and will cost you anything from 300. 000 Rupiah in Indonesia, around 1. 200 Baht in Phuket, 2. 150 Peso in the Philippines to 80-100 SGD in Singapore. No genericsavailable. Buy the real thing or forget it.Not here in India A generic version (Tacroz Forte) cost a mere Rs 320 for 10g. That is only 20% of the price in Indonesia or Thailand, 15% of the price in the Philippines or 10% of a similar product in Singapore. Isnt that awed? Talk about globalization and how you can exploit it for yourself I found that true for other specialised medicines as well. Here are just a few examples for other more common products fortune Aid wash proof Rs 20 for 10 pieces Immodium Rs 20 for 10 capsules Paracetamol 500 Rs 14 for 10 capsules Vitamin B complex Rs 15 for 10 capsulesTopical Antibiotic Spray Rs 195 (40g) Antibiotic Skin ointment Rs 50 (10g) Broad Spectrum Antibiotic Rs 50 for 10 capsules Now I just wish, they would be able to send all those cheap medicines abroad to my next travel destinations 5. Low Consultation and Doctor fees As with everything else in India, one can compare prices and get an impression of the doctor for their surgery first, before committing to a procedure. Luckily the initial be are very low (for denta l procedures, the first checkup is generally free of charge, while for other consultations the fees are quite low, see below).Costs for surgery is generally only a small percentage to health care costs if done in Europe, Australia or the US. I was in Singapore once and was in awe over their low health care costs compared to India. There, major plastic surgeries were nearly dirt cheap. For minor surgeries however, you could save even more, considering getting it done here in India. One example a friend from Singapore visited us here in Goa, to get a cyst removed on her wrist. While the same surgery would have cost between SGD 1. 200-1. 600, the same procedure was only around SGD 300-400 here in Goa.All with similar quality, aftercare and all costs included. That is only 25% of the cost compared with Singapore I had some dental work done here in Goa, fillings and tooth cleaning, all done very professionally and on short notice. As mentioned supra, to consult a specialist, you dont hav e to pay a fortune here. From my own and my friends eff and what other friends and relatives abroad told me, here are some examples of consultation fees Dentist First Consultation free of charge General Practitioner Rs 100-250 per Visit Dermatology Rs 100-200 per VisitOrthopedist Rs 250 per Visit For minor surgery, like the above mentioned cyst removal, here are some example prices Orthopedic Surgeon Charges Rs 5,000 per surgery Anesthetic Charges Rs 1,500 per surgery Operation Theater Charges Rs 2,300 per surgery Hospital bed per day Rs 1,000-2,000 for common ward, depending on hospital Hospital bed per day Rs 4,000-7,000 for private room, depending on hospital Here are some dental examples glaze over Ionomer Filling Rs 960 Composite Resin Filling Rs 1,600 Porcelain to Metal Crown Rs 7,200- 10,500Stellon/Fibre Glass/Travelon Dentures Rs 12,000-24,000 Metal/ lightless Braces Rs 24,000-44,000 Conclusion Goa is an interesting location for getting your health propped up and getting those long postponed surgeries done. You have modern facilities, short waiting times and very affordable prices for procedures, hospital services and medicines. Over that you will probably recover much faster, with a holiday in an exotic location added as a bonus. These days with the global financial crisis upon us, prices for flights and package deals to Goa are as low as they can get.So many people are flocking to Goa now, to benefit from the low costs the most. Some people even try to strike a deal with their health insurance provider, either to cover parts of their costs or acknowledging an otherwise not possible surgery. As with everything in India , one has to be aware of some pitfalls too while medicine prices are generally fixed, this cant be said about the services and hospital procedures. But there is a good competition, so one can comfortably look around, ask and compare prices before committing to anything.In short, there is a broad variety of options to choose from he re. One can talk to different doctors and if in doubt, stick with a larger and well-known hospital alternatively of a small private clinic. With the facilities Goa can offer, it could be easily converted into a centre of faithfulness for Medical Tourism. Add to it, the flavour of Goan hospitality, medical tourism could be made very attractive. We therefore have an excellent opportunity to market health care in Goa, especially to the Britishers who consist of 60 per cent of the total tourists arriving in Goa.

Harrison Bergeron Essay Example for Free

Harri watchword Bergeron EssayIn 2081, all of corporation is obligate to be oppose. In Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.s short story, Harrison Bergeron, allone is assigned handicaps that make them equal to everyone else. These handicaps included withstanding weights around the neck, wearing a masquerade costume to cover beauty, and having a device in the ear so gestateing could not be overdone. nonexistence was smarter than anyone else nobody was better looking than anyone else nobody was stronger or quicker than anyone else. All this equality was due to the 211th, 212th, and 213th amendments that were added to the Constitution. (Vonnegut 369) Harrison Bergeron is a valid representation of the potential control of a government and the repercussions a society could face if every individual were forced to be identical.The short story is based off of three characters hazel, George and Harrison Bergeron. George was forced to wear a device in his ear that prevented him from thinking too mu ch since his intelligence level was in a higher place normal. Hazel, on the other hand, had a perfectly average intelligence, which meant she couldnt think about anything except in short break away. (Vonnegut 370) Harrison was their son that was captured at the age of fourteen by the H-G government. Harrison was athletic and hand whatsoever.His handicaps included wearing headphones kind of of an earpiece, spectacles that nearly make him blind, and about three hundred pounds of metal. To offset his good looks he was forced to wear a red nose, shave off his eyebrows, and to cover his white teeth with black caps. (Vonnegut 372) Hazel and George were watching television when news came on about Harrison Bergeron escaping from prison.The news cast told those watching that this man was passing dangerous and flashed pictures of him upon the screen. George realized that it must be Harrison but the realization was quickly taken from his mind when the grievous of a collision went off in his head. After George opened his eyes, the picture of Harrison was gone but he was actually shown on television yelling, I am the emperor moth Be campaign of Harrisons great strength and improbable features everyone was cowering down to him, except one ballerina that stood up to be his empress.Harrison had ripped off all his handicaps and the handicaps from the empress and the melodyians. Harrison and his empress were dancing to the music that he forced the musicians to play, when Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapper general, came into the studio with a double-barreled ten-gauge shotgun. She fired twice, and the Emperor and the Empress were unawares before they hit the floor.(Vonnegut 374) Shortly after, the Bergerons television had gone off. George leaves to form a beer and upon his return he sees that Hazel has been crying. George asks her why she has been crying but because she can only think in short burst she cant remember why the tears were coming. Because of George and Ha zels handicaps, they could not remember that Harrison was their son that had just been killed on the television.Due to everyone being forced to be equal to one other, the government made the people become stupid, slow, and even obeying the law because of fear of punishment. Harrison knew he was good looking, athletic and smart. When Harrison escaped from prison and disobeyed the law, it would be easier for him to rule over others because everyone else was still chained to the law. With his great strength and rebellion he became an Emperor for a short time.Foreshadowing was shown when Hazel and George talked about taking some weight off of Georges neck. George explains to Hazel that if he tried to get away with it, then other peopled get away with it-and pretty soon wed be right back to the dark ages again, with everybody competing against everyone else. George asks Hazel what she thinks would communicate to the society, Hazel replies, Reckon itd fall all apart. (Vonnegut 371)The go vernment knew that if people listened to Harrison that everyone would start disobeying the law, so they got release of him. They could have also shot him because they got scared of what they could not control. By showing the killing on television, it showed the society what will happen if they start rebelling. A sedated society, that of which is handicapped, is much easier to control. I believe Harrison Bergeron shows what exactly it would be standardized for everyone to be equal. It also effectively represents the kind of control that a government would have over a society.If the government gives everyone equality and makes them weak it gives the government way more power than what they already have. At some point in time everyone has the thought of an equal society but we do not think of what it would take for that to happen. Harrison Bergeron shows what the consequences would be. I believe the fact that everyone is unique should be more appreciated rather than deficient to bec hanged. If people were forced to be equal life would be the same for everyone and not as courageous and fun.The problem with an equal society is that no one would be able to be their selves. In commit for everyone to be equal, there would have to be some consequences for those who rebel against the law. Also, the handicaps would be necessary in sound out for everyone to be equal. This would give the government complete control over a society which could also cause problems. Harrison Bergeron is a vivid representation of the potential a government could have on a society, and the dangers of an equal society.BibliographyVonnegut, Kurt. Harrison Bergeron. Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction.(1961) 1st release

Religion and Identity Essay Example for Free

devotion and Identity EssayThe straits often arrived what is faith? in that location be more than one answer to this dep closedowning on ones culture, identity, ethics and beliefs. Religion fundament be found in antithetical cultures and throughout the whole full stop of human history. There is evidence that shows signs of religion such as animal spirits in device and human burials that suggest the belief in life afterwards death. There have been many contrastive answers and definition to what religion is ( wagon train Voorst, 2013). harmonise to Robert E. Van Voorst (2013), religion is Pattern of beliefs and practices that expresses and enacts what a community regards as sanctified and/or ultimate almost life (pg.5).In addition to that, there is the separation of church service and state. In America, the right to freedom of religion is very central to the Ameri rear end democracy that it was preserved in the starting signal Amendment to the Constitution along w ith other rights such as freedom of speech and freedom of press. The countrys founders restrict the separation of church and state. This is due to the prohibition against government regulation or endorsement of religion. According to Ameri whoremaster Civil Liberties total of Florida (2012), the standard of separation has been reparationly tested. In early America, even after church establishment ended, some state legislators sought to revive the compulsory taxation of citizens to support ghostly institutions. In this century, public schools were once required to teach the biblical version of the earths and humanitys creation, while the scientific surmisal of evolution was prohibited.Throughout our history, sectarian advocates have tried to inject spectral exercises, such as cursory prayer, into the public schools. At times, religious minorities, including members of cults, have been discriminated against be fountain of their beliefs. And today, many citizens in many communiti es disagree about whether a model of the infant deliveryman in the manger, which officially promotes certain religious beliefs over others, should be displayed on the steps of City Hall. The courts must frequently consider where to draw the line that separates church and state (5). Religion is one of our most critical tradition and constitutional rights and must stand against anything that would challenge the standard of separation, which protects that freedom.Reid synagogue African Methodist Episcopal Church was the group that I visited. Though it is non my own religious practice, it qualifies as a religion. Driving up to the church there is a sign that has the name of the church boldly written in LED lights. The welcome message display in red crossways the board says All Are Welcome. Inside of Reid Temple church they have a drag as their symbol posted high where all can see. The service was nice with the choir relation praises to God and special prayer request were incorpor aten. After the service, I spoke with the Senior Pastor about his church and what exactly do they believe in. I was informed that their slogan is Aiming to Please through the 5 Es. This came from II Corinthians 59 which states So whether at home or away, we make our forecast to please Him. (RSV).The 5 Es were described to me as Evangelism which is sowing the seed of Gods book of account in the hearts of all people. Empowerment which is bestowing love and guidance on believers to disciple them in fulfilling their purpose. learning which is knowing the will of God through study and obedience of His Word. Economics which is flowing in financial prosperity according to Gods wealth principles and Expansion which is growing in all ministry areas to make believe the growing harvest of souls ( Washington, L. Personal interview January 13, 2013). The cross is a reminder of their pledge and it also reminds them that Jesus died for their sins and to Him all praise is given.Buddhism also h as a symbol such as the Dharmachakra which is the wheel of the law. The eight spokes on the wheel represents the eightfold path. The wheel is one of the most important Buddhist symbols because it symbolizes the teachings of Buddha. According to Thames Hudson (2004), The wheels motion is a metaphor for the rapid spiritual change engendered by the teachings of the Buddha the Buddhas first discourse at the Deer honey oil in Sarnath is cognise as the first turning of the wheel of dharma. His subsequent discourses at Rajgir and Shravasti are known as the second and third turnings of the wheel of dharma. The eight spokes of the wheel symbolize the Noble octuple line set out by the Buddha in his teachings. The wheel also represents the endless cycle of samsara, or rebirth, which can only be escaped by heart of the Buddhas teachings.And some Buddhists regard the the wheels three basic move as symbols of the three trainings in Buddhist practice The hub symbolizes moral discipline, whic h stabilizes the mind. The spokes (usually there are eight) represent science which is applied to defeat ignorance. The rim represents training in concentration, which holds everything else together ( 2 3). In the early days, the Dharmachakra not only symbolizes the teaching of Buddha but also Buddha himself. Today, it appears in the art of every Buddhist culture (para 5). Practicing religion can shape an individual and group identity. Take Buddhism for example that is followed by many Indians.This religion practices the quaternary Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. The four-spot Noble Truths teaches that 1. All life is suffering- this suggests that all beings experience suffering and that it can be ranged from great physical and rational pain to mild emotional unhappiness. Suffering originates from anger and sorrowfulness but then happiness is also suffering because it comes and goes. 2. The cause of suffering is trust- This suggests that humans want what they do not have and should not have. Humans personal desire for happiness is the cause of the suffering. 3. To end desire is to end suffering -which suggests that putting all craving and personal desires to an end will therefore end the suffering. This breaks the negative karma which leads to the 4th Noble Truth 4. To end desire- one must follow the Noble Eightfold Path.The Eightfold Path is 1. The right to understanding which ends the concept of what one think is frankness and see reality as it is. 2. The right to intention is where people must want to change before they can truly be change. 3. The right to speech which is speaking the truth at all times. 4. The right to conduct which means no killing, stealing, drinking, intoxicants and being sexual. 5. The right to livelihood which is working and living a life that does not cause others harm. 6. The right to effort which is developing a conscious free from craving. 7. The right to mindfulness which is to be certified and mindful and 8. The ri ght to contemplation which is the deepening of mindfulness that leads to concentration and insight may be obtained (Van Voorst,2013). Practicing the Four Noble Truths and The Eightfold Path teaches and shape the followers of Buddhism. It is a way of life for them which teach them to take time to find out who they are and what they are all about. It is a overhaulline to ethical and mental development.Shinto culture is another example of how practicing religion and shape individuals or groups. The people of Japan practices Shinto and is rooted in the people there and their traditions. The Shinto gods that are called kami are sacred spirits. These spirits can take form in things such as wind, rain, mountains, trees, rivers and fertility. Shinto religion believes that when a human dies they require a kami and is given back to their families and ancestral kami. There not a right from wrong in Shinto and their faith is based on being optimistic. The Shinto faith is blended with other be liefs such as that of Buddhism and Daoism. It does not have a founder, written documents, formalized ethics, corpse of beliefs, scripture or an make system of theology but with the blend of Buddhism and Daoism, the Japanese culture now have a system of beliefs, written documents, founder, ethics and all that it was lacked before. It is still a central religion of Japan (Carroll, 2012).Shinto yard are very sacred and behavior must be proper at all times. There are no food or drink allowed and there must be silence or hushed voices. Purity is important in Shinto and there is a certain procedure in washing your hands on mouth. Purity is important in pleasing the kami which brings a happy life. Van Voorst wrote that Cleanliness in particular signifies a good character and freedom from bad external influences. In Hesperian societies one hears the proverb Cleanliness is next to godliness. In traditional Japanese society disinfectlinessof body, mind, and spirit, both ritual and servic eableis godliness. To be in harmony with the kami, one must keep ones person, home, and business clean (pg 198).Religion has always been connected with government and politics. The Western world has a history of influence from universality and Protestant rift. It is very similar to the history of some parts of Southern Asia that have been influenced by Islam. The interconnection of both religion and government is to be expected because both are regulating social behavior. During the bygone century, religion has been less influential. Modern governments have been influenced by Democratic philosophy which put sizeableness of the norm man and a sharing of the worlds resources. These ideas continue to shape modern society in different ways. For example, technology has drastically changed the nature of life and work. Traditional religious systems are gradually graceful less important.The trend towards secularism continues but has not been nearly as pronounced in the United States an d regular church attendance started to decrease in the 1960s and early 1970s. It increased again post arena War II period. There is only a small majority of Americans who thinks religion is of any importance in their lives (Federal Funding of Faith-Based Services, 2011).Many people know what religion is until they are asked to define it. Religion is a worldly thing, across many boundaries in human experience and so that makes it a bit seriously to define. There are a few different definition of religion and many have different religious experience and understanding of Ultimate Reality. At Reid Temple, I asked the lady sitting next to me if she could arrange what Ultimate Reality means. She said to her Ultimate Reality meant a personal relationship with God. In a different culture Ultimate Reality could mean spiritual growth or spiritual path. non everyone is all about religion though. There are some cultures who prefer that their beliefs not to be cogitation as a religion but as a faith or teaching. There are some who argue that they are not religious but they are spiritual.ReferencesAmerican Civil Liberties Union of Florida. (2012). Church and state.Retrieved from http//www.aclufl.org/take_action/download_resources/info_papers/3.cfm Carroll,B.J. (2012). Shinto basics. Retrieved from http//www.world-religions-professor.com/shinto.html Federal Funding of Faith-Based Services. (2011). Religion and public policy. Retrieved from http//www.newsbatch.com/religion.htm Thames Hudson. (2004). Reading Buddhist Art an illustrated guide to Buddhist signs andSymbols. Retrieved from http//www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/symbols/wheel.htm Van Voorst, R.E. (2013). World relg. Student edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. USA Washington, L.P. (2013). Reid Temple Senior Pastor. Personal Interview January 13, 2013.

Reward System in Educational Settings Essay Example for Free

Reward System in Educational Settings EssayThe yield systems enforced in educational settings originates from psychology of air that specifically gives specific emphasis on promoting unplayful discipline in educational settings. Education institutions argon able to make signifi slewt differences in childrens behavior through setting reveal definite rules and stipulating sanctions and strengtheners for violating them. The fundamental nature of such systems is the idea that school-age childs can study how to conduct themselves. Therefore, by issueing and recognizing good behaviors whereas naughtily ones atomic number 18 punished, it is believed that learners pass on aspire to choose good behaviors. A number of psychologists argue that in just about cases education institutions focus on rectifying bad behaviors only rather than recognizing or reinforcing good behavior among students. They therefore criticize such an approach as universe too raw material because it e liminates the framework within which students conduct slip forths and leaves total li competency up on individual for their behavior. Although such criticizing arguments take on been put forward, reward systems have been widely adopted in most education institutions especially primary and secondary schools.There ar argued to impact positively on students behavior and performance as well as to teachers (Kohn, 1993). In regard to this, psychologists have relieveed the reward systems using a number of culture theories which relates the psychology and education disciplines. Learning is the means through which cognitive, emotional, and surroundings molds and experiences suitable for enhancing, acquiring, or making ones skills, knowledge, and values are brought together.Thus, the learning process puts emphasis on events that occur in the learning environs and this is explained by a number of learning theories. The learning theories clarify on how animals and people learn thus ai ding us to understand the inherent complex learning process. All the learning theories which have been put forward by various psychologists are grouped into three categories cognitive, behavior, constructivism and social-cognitive. Motivation of students is the basic necessity to guarantee success of any education enterprise.The dynamics of demand can be explained as the types of academic and social goals which students brings into the classrooms, motivating elements of such goals, and the existing reward systems that together control the quantity and tint of learning as well as the will to keep on learning (Deci Ryan, 1986). Motivation has been categorised by psychologists into four groups instrumental motivation, touchment motivation, intrinsic motivation, and social motivation.However, more than one type of motivation may occur to a student at a given condemnation. Instrumental motivation as a type of motivation is exclusively extrinsic because students carry out tasks as th ey are influenced by probable final consequences such as the probability of acquiring material rewards or keeping away from a reprimand. Therefore, in cases of such motivation, teachers are supposed to ensure that tasks being performed are put in contexts that students perceive pleasant.Social motivation argues that students execute tasks in order to please people they admire, respect or whose views are of significance to them. In regard to this social motivation, rewards have no significance although tangible as well as immaterial. Besides, rewards are correlated expressly to the perceived association between the learners and the teachers or instructors whose underpinning activities such as praise and approval are considered important.Achievement motivation involves students learning and hoping for success and it has three components cognitive drive whereby students attempts to satisfy identified need to know self enhancement learners satisfy the call for conceit affiliation learn ers seek support from some others Intrinsic motivation is restrictd by the absence of external rewards hence tasks are undertaken for the pleasure and satisfaction they bring the students. It appears to be fundamental to high quality participation in an trade union movement as well as being self-terminating and self-maintaining.Curiosity and a desire to meet challenges may characterize the learning of students prompt in this style (Ardord, 2006). To clearly explain the system of reward in schools, a few theories are explained. Maslows surmise of motivation focuses on a persons line for excellence and he explained this through hierarchy of human needs. Maslow pointed out that either human being is a wanting animal hence he supposed that an individuals behavior at any given time is dominated by his/her needs that have largest potency.As lower aim psychological needs of a person are sufficiently achieved, the needs for higher level psychological needs come in handy. In the contex t of education, Maslows theory argues that students can non and/or are not willing to learn or put more parturiency if their basic needs are not provided or met. Therefore, students require psychological needs to be met alongside their safety feelings and a sense of belonging. such(prenominal) leads to spontaneous sense as learners who are hungry will not concentrate, nor will learners who are bullied and incomplete will learners who perceive to be outsiders and without friends.According to Maslow, learners are motivated if they are self-actualized and any hindrances affects learning environment considerably (Ibid, 2006). Skinner came up with a theoretical framework referred to as operant conditioning to explain that human beings cannot learn best without being provided or promised with a reward. He argued that human beings like every other organisms makes a direct and anticipated response operant- when they are aware that there is a reward.Therefore, in cases where a response hap pens and emphasized, there is increased probability that it will happen again when a comparable to(predicate) stimulus is present. Hence, skinner argued that students tend to learn best when behavioral change occurs. In his experiment, Skinner had come up with learning units referred to as contingencies of reinforcement. These are sequences within which behaviors or responses are followed by reinforcing stimuli. The outstanding learning principle in this theory states that behaviors/responses are naturally produced without bring out stimuli.Besides, such behaviors are operants as their production can be instrumental in punishing or reinforcing consequences among students. Therefore, this theory is useful in understanding a persons learning, social interaction, and human increment via making open a number of normal law relationships created into human life by God. Thus, the theory concurs on the necessity to have a system of reward in schools based on students behavior which seems notable (Tayo, 2001).Penn in his work argues that in self-worth theory, motivation is the one of most vital factors to determine the status of learners as well as their behavior as a sense of self-respect. The answer to self-worth is learners perception of his/her own capability particularly when compared to others. If an imaginary hierarchy of self-worth is drawn, learners will tend to give ability the first priority, followed by effort and performance. The theory as claimed can be explained by equating twain worth and ability.The author quoting other psychologists writes that applying personal goal-setting arrangements (gives learners a chance to define their own criteria for success), outcome-based evaluation and statement (slower learning students experience success without competing with faster learning students), attribution learning (facilitates uninterested learners to consider hardship being the lack of effort instead of ability), and cooperative learning activities (fa cilitates learners in understanding that individual effort contributes to personal as well as group goals) removes barriers to achieving motivation and redirects learners behavior far away from letdown-avoiding activities in educational settings (Penn, 2002). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation theories differ only in terms of goals that different student have. Intrinsic motivation argues that students study just for the sake. The learners derive personal satisfaction as well as learning new ideas from learning and regard them as a reward (Anti-Bullying Network, 2000). On the other hand, extrinsically motivated students are influenced by outside influences for instance praise from peer and teacher, attaining good grades, and/or any other form of reinforcement a peer or teacher can offer.Some people have argued that intrinsically motivated students tend to learn more as compared to those who are extrinsically motivated. Reason may be because intrinsically motivated learners as well ex trinsically motivated. However, extrinsically motivated learners are seldom motivated intrinsically. Extrinsic rewards encompasses use of tangible rewards such as payments and gifts so as to keep learners interested in particular subjects as well as motivate them (Deci Ryan, 2002). Intrinsic motivation has for a long time been criticized for its unconstructive influence on intrinsic motivation as well as being claimed to have a myopic term effect. In regard to intrinsic motivation, learners have the feelings of self-determination, pride, and competence.However, students are highly interested in activities when they are motivated by gifts, prizes, grades, or money as long as they received anticipated reward. Therefore, with time a student who receives a reward for their performance in a particular subject, they gradually pay back interested in it and develop intrinsic motivation. A big difference exists between tangible rewards (candy, money, certificates) and literal rewards (pr aise, positive feedback). Tangible rewards influences intrinsic motivation negatively and destroy self-regulation (Wilson Corpus, 2001). Conclusion Although the reward system has for a long time been applied in schools, a couple of issues need to be addressed if it will remain effective.Teachers and parents needs to be consistent in using rewards and sanctions, the reward system whether individual, cooperative or competitive should be monitored on regular basis, keeping-off from rewards that have monetary worth or those that indicates that school tasks are of no value, and making certain that rewards are deserved and genuine rather than being routine (Anti-Bullying Network, 2000). Whichever the reward system an education institution adopts, a positive culture in schools is established reason being efforts and good behaviors of the pupils are recognized. Thus, most students tend to put more effort so as to achieve established rewards and as a result the overall performance of school improves.

Assess the extent to which we can uncover Essay Example for Free

Assess the extent to which we can un finish off Essay formalised villainy statistics track crime levels feel been melodic themeed to be steadily falling since 1995, although showing a slight increase in burglaries. These official statistics be released by the Home Office, and are collected from legal philosophy participates in the UK, these statistics are widely regarded to be a true and accurate measure of crime, despite read suggesting otherwise. A nonher way of bear witnessing crime is through self report studies, which although does give out several(prenominal) indication of crime levels, it is considered to be inaccurate due to the anonymity of those surveyed meaning there is a line up of exaggeration or lying. A more reliable source would perhaps be a victim survey such as the BCS, a large scale survey conducted in the UK, which enables victims to report crime. Criminologists have used these to try to decrease the amount of unkn declare or un translateed crime. Yet again this gives those surveyed the cover of anonymity, which could result in exaggeration, underplaying the crime, or just lying. Not only is this but it is open to mistakes due to relying on the memories of its participants, which may mean the results are wrong. as well as there is a problem in that victims are categorising the crimes themselves, and so it may exaggerate some forms of crime, making them out to be more or less serious. Studies base too that types of corporate crime tended to be ignored due to there it is seen as minor compared to breach for example. Sexual crimes also tend not to be inform due to the stigmas attach to them. Young people are too excluded from this survey, as only over 18s participate, and so a large majority of the population is ignored, and this means that victims of on-going child abuse cant report being a victim.This obviously is one explanation as to how these statistics cannot be relied on to be wholly reliable. One argument against official crime statistics is that they are a record of crime, which are recorded by police, rather than of crimes reported to police, minor crimes for example like petty theft or vandalism may not be thought of as serious enough to record and therefore would not be included in the report.Another type of crime which travel into this category is domestic violence legion(predicate) of these crimes arent recorded, due to the fact that it is so difficult to point the finger of blame. This means that we do not see a true figure of crimes which the police are faced with, only the ones which they pursue further. This shows that it falls to the judgement of the police to choose what is deemed a crime and what is to be followed up.It is also suggested that police will record more crimes at points of the year when they are not so busy, however at times that crimes rate are high, less trivial crimes will be recorded, this is because it frees up officers for more important duties, and saves t he police lodge extra work on things they dont see as worthwhile, furthermore officers will record crimes more, or more high profile crimes, if they are looking to boost their own career, they may record more straightforward crimes, so that they can solve more cases, and benefit from a promotion.Some crimes are recorded, but due to work loads of officers may later be removed from records and classified as non-crimes in order to decrease heavy work schedules.A second problem with official crime statistics is that many crimes go unreported, particularly domestic violence and sexual abuse this is due to the fact that the crimes are seen as taboo and carry labels of shame and in some communities these issues are seen as the norm, in the retiring(a) for example many people simply accepted domestic violence as a popular part of marriage, and something that could be resolved by the couple themselves an example of this would be the fact only tardily has it been possible for a husband to be convicted of raping his wife.When the man is the victim of domestic violence too, or a child is being abused, the crimes often go unreported, due to the shame of telling, and fear of not being believed. Also minor crimes, in which the victim feels that it is not worth making a statement, they do not report it. Gang crimes often go unreported due to the fact that they tend to take the law into their own hands, rather than seek retribution from the state, they go out and seek it directly from the perpetrator themselves, often reciprocating with a similar act of violence, which they had previously been a victim of.This is because they see their method as more utile and brings with it a higher status than reporting the crime to the authorities does. Other reasons for not reporting the police include, being scared of the person who carried out the crime, a drug dealer beating up a drug addict who has not paid him would be an example of this, the crime may be reported to other author ities, like the council, medical boards etc. or it is thought that many people do not report crimes, due to anti-police feelings.It is a well known fact that only a very clarified percentage of rape cases actually make it to court, even smaller is chance of a conviction. It is for this reason that victims are often very reluctant to report the crime, as the process of giving evidence and standing up in court is highly stressful, and weighed against the fact that it is unlikely to secure a conviction it may be altogether less painful to not report it.

Free

Free Will Essay EssayMany spate in the western introduction hold very dear the idea of independence, that they contri more all overe think repositionly, choose innocuously, and express themselves freely. This only is affiliated to the idea of free will that creationy gestate is what commits us human. Many mountain cannot, that, define free will. There is always the feeling that atomic number 53 can do whatever he/she wants. That is probably wherefore this idea is much(prenominal) a pleasing archetype. There is just now superstar serious flaw in the free will concept. People cannot determine everything on that point be some things, even before integrity is born, that determines who he will be in the future.Since nation do not choose their p bents, or the nationality of their family this makes a serious flaw in the free will concept. Now if people were able to choose these sorts of things they would be gods. It is not up to people to choose their skin food color, nationality etc. When one looks at this issue the concept of soft determinism is probably the safest solution to answer this problem. Since in this concept there are things determined for people, if one knows what he is doing, and the choice is not, in any way, forced by the circumstances the action that he is perform is free.(Roberts 2012) It means that even though one does not take a leak full control over his life, nitty-gritty that one does not determine anything before he is born, people are muted able to make conscious choices foundn that the circumstances allow it, fore example, alike I am going to do this tonight, or I am visiting this person tomorrow, but these are simple choices, while there are otherwises that you cant choose freely, like external forces have control over it than your own free will. On a smaller scale, who one person tycoon become is really decided by the governments, society, and religions.Religions restrict the activities and exemption o f those who follow it and live under its rules, just like in other countries, people are slaves to their political system. On a similar note and this is a very rare and uncivilized case, in countries ruled by dictators the rulers determine whether people live or not. Next comes the laws created by the governments, ordinarily they restrict certain activities that people have to do. Also, governments make rules, regulations and legislation that determine what people will have to do.Lastly, societies impact the freedom and choices of the person who lives and act within that society, because his choices are hold ined. There are umteen factors that would fix that free will doesnt exist religion is the roughly undecided one of them all. In the countersign segmentationicularly, many sources suggest that everybody that believes in immortal already has his faith determined. Various quotations, starting in the gaga volition, state that people already have their paths determined fo r them. In the letter to Ephesians St.Paul writes In him we were in any case chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him who kick the buckets out everything in conformity with the drive of his will (Ephesians 111, Jerusalem Bible). It clearly says that if one believes in divinity fudge and Jesus Christ has his life determined. In some other letter to Thessalonians Paul writes that from the beginning Because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation (2 Thessalonians 213). This clearly emphasizes the preliminary point that everyone who believes in God will has his life determined as one of the chosen people who will be saved by God.This is true for every religion, however it relates to salvation only, not mans ability to choose his own path. In the very first book of the Old Testament one can interpret the fact that we are created in Gods image, therefore we posses Gods ability to be free (Genesis 1 26, Jerusalem Bible). Staying with the Bible, in the book of Genesis, Adam and Eve, against Gods will ate the fruit of knowing good and evil. This in itself is a proof that gentlemans gentleman can count what is right and wrong and therefore choose for themselves whether they want to be on one side or the other.So then each one of us will give an work out of himself to God (Romans 1412, Jerusalem Bible) tells people that everyone will have to, in his own heart and soul, give God the account of his own actions On another note, the Quran is often wrongly interpreted as beingness based on determinism. This is false if a life of a Muslim was determined for him/her at experience there would be no point in him/her trying to find out the nature of his sin, Allah would not have had to send prophets to teach his people the way, because all their actions would be already determined by them (Gorjian 2010).This suggests that, as far a religion goes people are free to do as they feel is right. This however does not justify the fact that gover nments take forth this freedom from their citizens. Governments taking away freedom from their subjects can be t rund back in history, and one the greatest examples for this would be the war of ideologies known as knowledge domain War II. Political systems are based on ideas like fascism which helped Germans in their economic crisis, communism overthrew the Tzars in Russia which gave the proletariat all the influence they needed, while liberalism promised freedom.This all seems perfect, however, as it is all well known, there were flaws in each of those systems. Nazis under Hitler were only nice to a great portion of Germans as they were trying to create the master race. All others Slavs, Roma, Jews were hated and discriminated against. In occupied Poland Nazis closed schools, denied access to education, confiscated automobiles, (Cosby 2010) houses, land and riches. The Only alternate education available was trade school which trained youth for a specific job denying them the pr obability to express themselves in different fields.They besidesk away peoples freedom putting them in dousing camps and Ghettos death camps like Auschwitz detained not necessarily Jews but also Poles, Czechs, Gypsies and even Germans (Biega 1996). For the sake of creating the master race they were determined to kill and enslave, even their own people which meant that one could not choose his affiliation freely, he was either with or against Hitler. In Russia during the Bolshevik Revolution aristocrats were condemned to death. In democratic, liberal countries the process of taking away free will is different.But sticking with the systems theory of taking away human rights, one has to palaver about people operating the machine of terror. Behind every tyranny there is a autocrat including Hitler and Stalin who are probably the most reviled dictators with a very bad reputation. Out of all the evildoers in the world, they were the most remembered for imposing their will on hundreds a nd thousands of people leaving a stain that makes aspect their name in public an awkward thing. Their acts are known to all who knows the history of the 20th century.Their actions caused a lot of distress, killing and exploiting people, imprisoning innocents and denouncing everybody simple rights, no matter if he was a friends or foes. Nobody was allowed to publically speak their minds, people could be killed for any simple reason. Both of them used concentration and death camps where people would be naked of their freedoms and their rights did not exist and their bodies were exploited for hard labour or experiments. In these countries dictators were the law.Now if one looks at a country like North Korea with Kim Il render, the previous leader of the nation, he denied people rights of information, freedom of press or freedom of speech. He ordered the whole nation to be brainwashed to believe he was god. Aside from being an flaming on ones free will it was an attack on ones unde rstanding of the world. When the supreme leader died, people fell into chaos as they did not know what will happen the next day, if there was a next day. Kim Il Sung took away not only their freedom, but also their whole world.These are things that would be unthinkable in a democratic society. In democratic states laws are a fundamental part of the society. People are afraid of anarchy more than they are scared to lose their rights even though these laws are just written statements of already known moral facts. It is logical that killing soulfulness is immoral, stealing is wrong all sorts of sexual act are cruel for the victim. Laws are supposed to protect people and make veritable that others are shielded from the evildoers who break the law.There is a difference though between punishing someone for what he has done and ever-changing the laws to suit someones personal goal. Looking at the terrorist attacks on September 11 2001. The aftermath of this horrible event sparked even mo re terrible actions taken by the lawmakers. The Patriot Act was something that unjustifiably took away peoples rights to act free not for something that they have done but rather something they powerfulness, maybe, probably be doing.The Patriot Act targeted many innocent people who were under distrustfulness of being terrorists not because they took part in terrorist training, but rather because they were of a certain skin colour or race. An initiative was put together by editorial cartoonists to present the very hurtful verity of how freedom was taken away through laws. Thus, for example Lalo Alcaraz created a cartoon that presents President Bush saying that liberty is secured while on another panel the Statue of Liberty is seen in prisoner outfit handcuffed and presented like detainees from Guantanamo Bay, commentary is unnecessary for this one.Another work by Clay Bennett demonstrates workers using materials from house labelled covert to build a fence around this house which was labelled security. What the author was trying to present is the soil with phone calls being listened to in order to prevent another attack while trying to listen for any terrorist activity (USA Patriot Art Show). The types of activities presented in the previous argument are shunned upon by many people because they invade their privacy and freedom.On the other hand laws and regulations with the word freedom in them are very highly thought of by citizens since they are an assurance of their freedom and ability to express it. Laws, such as the freedom of speech, freedom of information, and freedom of religious expression or sexual expression, are important, they work as a manifestation of countrys liberty. How is it than that many of these laws, even though they say freedom, do not really give people the right to exercise these rights freely? That is because they contradict with many other rights granted by the government.And so one has the freedom of speech yet he cannot say ra cialist things or anti-homosexual slurs as it violates the anti hate speech law. This is a very big and unsubordinated flaw on the part of the governments if they are able to pass two contradicting laws. If they do that hen freedom of speech is not so free anymore and takes away ones ability to say whatever he wants, no matter how offensive or inappropriate it is. However, as much as we can see governments and religions as factors that manipulate or free will, society can be considered one of the biggest factors too.Society, the people we interact with, live by, and see everyday, those are the ones that constraint your choices and free will. Society even though it is not shown clearly, it still forces the individual to forget about making free choices that will deviate him/her from the norm. destructive attitudes such as racial prejudice, attitudes can lead our thoughts and actions. Social influences can affect human behaviour by changing our attitudes. So, actions like what i just mentioned affect our choices, and limits the options we have to choose from in life.Society can limit the ways you think, behave, choose, act, and develop, which makes it the perfect tool to completely strip away someones freedom without showing that its forcing this freedom to be taken away, basically, how society works is it makes us think we are free willed, but we are not free to choose what we want to do. There was enough said in this essay, maybe even too much. There were a lot of thoughts meant to be conveyed and views to be shared. There is only hope that one might understand the fact that governments dont have to be evil fascist dictatorships or commie oppressors to control its citizens.Even though we may feel like we have complete control over our free will, there are external forces that impact the way we make our choices and the the paths we choose. Societies, religions, and governments are the major part of these external forces that manipulate our choices and our free will, so in the end, this idea of complete free will might be an illusion since humans are controlled by and external force whether it be government, religion or the society and individual lives in.Because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation (2 Thessalonians 213, New Revised normal Version) In him we were also chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him who works out everything in conformity with the purpose of his will (Ephesians 111, Jerusalem Bible) In the very first book of the Old Testament one can interpret the fact that we are created in Gods image, therefore we posses Gods ability to be free (Genesis 1 26, Jerusalem Bible) So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God (Romans 1412, Jerusalem Bible).